General Medical Questions and Answers # 2

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1.  Can respiratory acidosis occur when a patient with chronic lung dysfunction is given high concentration oxygen?
The respiratory center becomes insensitive to PCO2 concentration in these patients, so increased levels of oxygen can allow decreased drive to expire of PCO2

2.  Who identified Helicobacter Pylori is the cause of gastritis by swallowing the bacteria in 1983?
Barry Marshall

3.  What class anti-arrhythmic is tocainide?
Tocainide is a class I anti-arrhythmic

4.  What is Kussmaul's sign?
Bilateral neck vein distention with inspiration in the setting of cardiac tamponade

5.  What is the most sensitive test for SLE?
The ANA is the most sensitive test for SLE

6.  Will the antithrombin III levels be affected by warfarin?
Warfarin is associated with increase in antithrombin III levels

7. Other than counseling and reassurance as well as antidepressants if indicated, what are the main treatments for irritable bowel syndrome?
Diarrhea is treated with opiate derived anti-diarrheals such as loperamide. Others respond well to bulking agents because their water absorptive properties. Constipation is treated with high fiber diets, or bulking agents such as bran or psillium

8. What part of the aorta is dissecting in a Stanford type B aortic dissection (DeBakey type III)?
Descending aorta

9. Which disorder is characterized by diarrhea with goiter, tremor, tachycardia?
Hyperthyroidism

10. Which hormone is increased secondary to proliferation of parafollicular cells (C cells). This hormone lowers serum calcium and phosphate?
Calcitonin

11. A patient has sustained a major burn, gets placed in the ICU, and has a major upper GI bleed. What is the likely etiology?
Curling's Ulcer

12. Which inflammatory bowel disease is associated with crypt abscesses, pseudopolyps, and lead pipe appearance?
Ulcerative colitis

13.  What is the most common location of cancer of the nasal cavity?
2/3 occur in the maxillary sinus

14.  What is the mechanism of cromolyn sodium?
This blocks the release of histamine

15.  What is oral bioavailability of sotolol?
The oral bioavailability of sotolol is approximate 90-100%

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